Research

Recoverable Provenance: Making Retrieved Context Usable

A formal treatment of when a retrieved fragment can be acted on without its surrounding document — and a provenance scheme that keeps recovery usable, not merely findable.

Hunter Xu

Arc Intelligence

12 May 2026Public-safe
RetrievalProvenanceSubstrate

Retrieval quality is usually scored on whether the right source is surfaced. This paper argues that findability is the wrong objective for agentic systems, and develops recoverable provenance — a property of a retrieved fragment that lets a downstream agent act on it without re-reading the source.

From found to usable

We characterise the gap between a fragment being present in the context window and being usable in isolation, and give a construction that preserves enough structure for the fragment to stand on its own.

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